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In this study, 17% of women had elevated blood sugar without a gestational diabetes diagnosis. Credit: LumiNola/Getty Images. All Rights Reserved.

Elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy may result in poorer birth outcomes

Pregnant women in the United States are routinely tested for gestational diabetes, a condition where the body has high blood sugar during pregnancy that can lead to health problems for both mothers and babies. In a recent study led by Penn State researchers, scientists examined records from thousands of births and found that failing the glucose challenge test was associated with babies with higher birth weights — a risk factor for future obesity and diabetes — even when women passed their second glucose test.

Dipanjan Pan, Huck Chair in Nanomedicine and professor of material science and engineering as well as of nuclear engineering, has been appointed to serve as the Huck Institutes’ first director for innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems. He brings an extensive track record of entrepreneurship to the role and will help other faculty members explore their options when it comes to commercializing research. Credit: Penn State. Creative Commons

Dipanjan Pan named Huck director for innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems

Penn State’s Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences has named Dipanjan Pan, Dorothy Foehr Huck & J. Lloyd Huck Chair Professor in Nanomedicine and professor of materials science and engineering and of nuclear engineering, to serve as the Huck’s first director for innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems.

Researchers have developed a new framework to study the functional impact of genetic background on the expression and severity of neurodevelopmental features associated with a deletion of a portion of chromosome 16. The research team used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from patients with the deletion, their families and a healthy donor that they differentiated into different types of neuronal cells — image shows immunostained iPSC-derived neurons on the left and iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells on the right — to study how interactions among a patient’s entire genetic architecture and the deletion help determine the features that the individual will manifest. Credit: Girirajan Laboratory / Penn State. Creative Commons

How can the same genetic mutation lead to different clinical outcomes?

Individuals that share the same deletion of a portion of chromosome 16 are at risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders, but some experience severe intellectual disability or developmental delay, while others may only exhibit milder psychiatric features like depression or anxiety. How can this be? To answer this, a team led by Penn State scientists has developed methods to evaluate how genetic variants elsewhere in an individual’s genome work with the deletion to help determine the features that the individual will manifest.

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In this study, 17% of women had elevated blood sugar without a gestational diabetes diagnosis. Credit: LumiNola/Getty Images. All Rights Reserved.

Elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy may result in poorer birth outcomes

Pregnant women in the United States are routinely tested for gestational diabetes, a condition where the body has high blood sugar during pregnancy that can lead to health problems for both mothers and babies. In a recent study led by Penn State researchers, scientists examined records from thousands of births and found that failing the glucose challenge test was associated with babies with higher birth weights — a risk factor for future obesity and diabetes — even when women passed their second glucose test.

Dipanjan Pan, Huck Chair in Nanomedicine and professor of material science and engineering as well as of nuclear engineering, has been appointed to serve as the Huck Institutes’ first director for innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems. He brings an extensive track record of entrepreneurship to the role and will help other faculty members explore their options when it comes to commercializing research. Credit: Penn State. Creative Commons

Dipanjan Pan named Huck director for innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems

Penn State’s Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences has named Dipanjan Pan, Dorothy Foehr Huck & J. Lloyd Huck Chair Professor in Nanomedicine and professor of materials science and engineering and of nuclear engineering, to serve as the Huck’s first director for innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems.

Researchers have developed a new framework to study the functional impact of genetic background on the expression and severity of neurodevelopmental features associated with a deletion of a portion of chromosome 16. The research team used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from patients with the deletion, their families and a healthy donor that they differentiated into different types of neuronal cells — image shows immunostained iPSC-derived neurons on the left and iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells on the right — to study how interactions among a patient’s entire genetic architecture and the deletion help determine the features that the individual will manifest. Credit: Girirajan Laboratory / Penn State. Creative Commons

How can the same genetic mutation lead to different clinical outcomes?

Individuals that share the same deletion of a portion of chromosome 16 are at risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders, but some experience severe intellectual disability or developmental delay, while others may only exhibit milder psychiatric features like depression or anxiety. How can this be? To answer this, a team led by Penn State scientists has developed methods to evaluate how genetic variants elsewhere in an individual’s genome work with the deletion to help determine the features that the individual will manifest.

Study first author Sohini Guha, postdoctoral scholar in the Department of Plant Science, in the greenhouse with plants in her experiment. Credit: Penn State. Creative Commons

Plant genes influence bacterial evolution in legume-bacteria partnership

In a recently published study, Penn State researchers described the complex relationship between plant host genes and rhizobial genes, and how plant genes strongly influence which rhizobial strains plants chose from a diverse mixture.